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Plugins Web > SpreadSheetPlugin

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TWiki Spreadsheet Plugin

This Plugin adds spreadsheet capabilities to TWiki topics. Formulae like %CALC{"$INT(7/3)"}% are evaluated at page view time. They can be placed in table cells and outside of tables. In other words, this Plugin provides general formula evaluation capability, not just classic spreadsheet functions.

Example:

Region:	Sales:
Northeast	320
Northwest	580
South	240
Europe	610
Asia	220
Total:	1970

Interactive example:

Formula: %CALC{""}%
Result: TWiki Guest

The formula next to "Total" is %CALC{"$SUM( $ABOVE() )"}%.
(you see the formula instead of the sum in case the Plugin is not installed or not enabled.)

Syntax Rules
Built-in Functions
FAQ
- Can I use CALC in a formatted search?
- How can I easily repeat a formula in a table?
Bug Tracking Example
Plugin Settings
Plugin Installation Instructions
Plugin Info

Syntax Rules

The action of this Plugin is triggered by the %CALC{"..."}% variable, which gets rendered according to the built-in function(s) found between the quotes.

Built-in function are of format $FUNCNAME(parameter)
Functions may be nested, e.g. %CALC{"$SUM( R2:C$COLUMN(0)..R$ROW(-1):C$COLUMN(0) )"}%
Functions are evaluated from left to right, and from inside to outside if nested
The function parameter can be text; a mathematical formula; a cell address; or a range of cell addresses
Multiple parameters form a list; they are separated by a comma, followed by optional space, e.g. %CALC{"$SUM( 3, 5, 7 )"}%
A table cell can be addressed as R1:C1. Table address matrix:

R1:C1 R1:C2 R1:C3 R1:C4

R2:C1 R2:C2 R2:C3 R2:C4
A table cell range is defined by two cell addresses separated by "..", e.g. "row 1 through 20, column 3" is: R1:C3..R20:C3
Lists can refer to values and/or table cell ranges, e.g. %CALC{"$SUM( 3, 5, $T(R1:C7), R1:C11..R1:C15 )"}%
Formulae can only reference cells in the current or preceeding row of the current table; they may not reference cells below the current table row
Formulae can also be placed outside of tables; they can reference cells in the preceeding table

`R1:C1`	`R1:C2`	`R1:C3`	`R1:C4`
`R2:C1`	`R2:C2`	`R2:C3`	`R2:C4`

Built-in Functions

Conventions for Syntax:

Required parameters are indicated in ( bold )
Optional parameters are indicated in ( bold italic )

ABOVE( ) -- address range of cells above the current cell

Syntax: $ABOVE( )
Example: %CALC{"$SUM($ABOVE())"}% returns the sum of cells above the current cell
Related: $LEFT(), $RIGHT()

ABS( num ) -- absolute value of a number

Syntax: $ABS( num )
Example: %CALC{"$ABS(-12.5)"}% returns 12.5
Related: $SIGN(), $EVEN(), $ODD()

AND( list ) -- logical AND of a list

Syntax: $AND( list )
Example: %CALC{"$AND(1, 0, 1)"}% returns 0
Related: $NOT(), $IF(), $OR()

AVERAGE( list ) -- average of a list or a range of cells

Syntax: $AVERAGE( list )
Example: %CALC{"$AVERAGE(R2:C5..R$ROW(-1):C5)"}% returns the average of column 5, excluding the title row
Related: $LIST(), $MAX(), $MEDIAN(), $MIN()

CHAR( number ) -- ASCII character represented by number

Syntax: $CHAR( number )
Example: Example: %CALC{"$CHAR(97)"}% returns a
Related: $CODE()

CODE( text ) -- ASCII numeric value of character

The ASCII numeric value of the first character in text
Syntax: $CODE( text )
Example: %CALC{"$CODE(abc)"}% returns 97
Related: $CHAR()

COLUMN( offset ) -- current column number

The current table column number with an optional offset
Syntax: $COLUMN( offset )
Example: %CALC{"$COLUMN()"}% returns 2 for the second column
Related: $ROW(), $T()

COUNTITEMS( list ) -- count individual items in a list

Syntax: $COUNTITEMS( list )
Example: %CALC{"$COUNTITEMS($ABOVE())"}% returns Closed: 1, Open: 2 assuming one cell above the current cell contains Closed and two cells contain Open
Related: $COUNTSTR(), $LIST()

COUNTSTR( list, str ) -- count the number of cells in a list equal to a given string

Count the number of cells in a list equal to a given string (if str is specified), or counts the number of non empty cells in a list
Syntax: $COUNTSTR( list, str )
Example: %CALC{"$COUNTSTR($ABOVE())"}% counts the number of non empty cells above the current cell
Example: %CALC{"$COUNTSTR($ABOVE(), DONE)"}% counts the number of cells equal to DONE
Related: $COUNTITEMS(), $LIST()

DEF( list ) -- find first non-empty list item or cell

Returns the first list item or cell reference that is not empty
Syntax: $DEF( list )
Example: %CALC{"$DEF(R1:C1..R1:C3)"}%
Related: $COUNTSTR(), $LISTIF(), $LIST()

EVAL( formula ) -- evaluate a simple mathematical formula

Addition, substraction, multiplication, division and modulus of numbers are supported. Any nesting is permitted
Numbers may be decimal integers (1234), binary integers (0b1110011), octal integers (01234), hexadecimal integers (0x1234) or of exponential notation (12.34e-56)
Syntax: $EVAL( formula )
Example: %CALC{"$EVAL( (5 * 3) / 2 + 1.1 )"}% returns 8.6
Related: $EXEC(), $INT(), $MOD(), $ROUND(), $VALUE()

EVEN( num ) -- test for even number

Syntax: $EVEN( num )
Example: %CALC{"$EVEN(2)"}% returns 1
Related: $ABS(), $MOD(), $ODD(), $SIGN()

EXACT( text1, text2 ) -- compare two text strings

Compares two text strings and returns 1 if they are exactly the same, or 0 if not
Syntax: $EXACT( text1, text2 )
Example: %CALC{"$EXACT(foo, Foo)"}% returns 0
Example: %CALC{"$EXACT(foo, $LOWER(Foo))"}% returns 1
Related: $IF(), $TRIM()

EXEC( formula ) -- execute a spreadsheet formula

Execute a spreadsheet formula, typically retrieved from a variable. This can be used to store a formula in a variable once and execute it many times using different parameters.
Syntax: $EXEC( formula )
Example: %CALC{"$SET(msg, $NOEXEC(Hi $GET(name)))"}% sets the msg variable with raw formula Hi $GET(name)
Example: %CALC{"$SET(name, Tom) $EXEC($GET(msg))"}% executes content of msg variable and returns Hi Tom
Example: %CALC{"$SET(name, Jerry) $EXEC($GET(msg))"}% returns Hi Jerry
Related: $EVAL(), $GET(), $NOEXEC(), $SET()

EXISTS( topic ) -- check if topic exists

Topic can be TopicName or a Web.TopicName. Current web is used if web is not specified.
Syntax: $EXISTS( topic )
Example: %CALC{"$EXISTS(WebHome)"}% returns 1
Example: %CALC{"$EXISTS(ThisDoesNotExist)"}% returns 0

EXP( num ) -- exponent (e) raised to the power of a number

EXP is the inverse of the LN function
Syntax: $EXP( num )
Example: %CALC{"$EXP(1)"}% returns 2.71828182845905
Related: $LN(), $LOG()

FIND( string, text, start ) -- find one string within another string

Finds one text string, within another text, and returns the number of the starting position of string, from the first character of text. This search is case sensitive and is not a regular expression search; use $SEARCH() for regular expression searching. Starting position is 1; a 0 is returned if nothing is matched.
Syntax: $FIND( string, text, start )
Example: %CALC{"$FIND(f, fluffy)"}% returns 1
Example: %CALC{"$FIND(f, fluffy, 2)"}% returns 4
Example: %CALC{"$FIND(@, fluffy, 1)"}% returns 0
Related: $REPLACE(), $SEARCH()

FORMAT( type, precision, number ) -- format a number to a certain type and precision

Supported type:
- COMMA for comma format, such as 12,345.68
- DOLLAR for Dollar format, such as $12,345.68
- KB for Kilo Byte format, such as 1205.63 KB
- MB for Mega Byte format, such as 1.18 MB
- KBMB for Kilo/Mega/Giga/Tera Byte auto-adjust format
- NUMBER for number, such as 12345.7
- PERCENT for percent format, such as 12.3%
The precision indicates the the number of digits after the dot
Syntax: $FORMAT( type, prec, number )
Example: %CALC{"$FORMAT(COMMA, 2, 12345.6789)"}% returns 12,345.68
Example: %CALC{"$FORMAT(DOLLAR, 2, 12345.67)"}% returns $12,345.68
Example: %CALC{"$FORMAT(KB, 2, 1234567)"}% returns 1205.63 KB
Example: %CALC{"$FORMAT(MB, 2, 1234567)"}% returns 1.18 MB
Example: %CALC{"$FORMAT(KBMB, 2, 1234567)"}% returns 1.18 MB
Example: %CALC{"$FORMAT(KBMB, 2, 1234567890)"}% returns 1.15 GB
Example: %CALC{"$FORMAT(NUMBER, 1, 12345.67)"}% returns 12345.7
Example: %CALC{"$FORMAT(PERCENT, 1, 0.1234567)"}% returns 12.3%
Related: $FORMATTIME(), $FORMATTIMEDIFF(), $ROUND()

FORMATGMTIME( serial, text ) -- convert a serialized date into a GMT date string

The date string represents the time in Greenwich time zone. Same variable expansion as in $FORMATTIME().
Syntax: $FORMATGMTIME( serial, text )
Example: %CALC{"$FORMATGMTIME(1041379200, $day $mon $year)"}% returns 01 Jan 2003
Related: $FORMATTIME(), $FORMATTIMEDIFF(), $TIME(), $TIMEADD(), $TIMEDIFF(), $TODAY()

FORMATTIME( serial, text ) -- convert a serialized date into a date string

The following variables in text are expanded: $second (seconds, 00..59); $minute (minutes, 00..59); $hour (hours, 00..23); $day (day of month, 01..31); $month (month, 01..12); $mon (month in text format, Jan..Dec); $year (4 digit year, 1999); $ye (2 digit year, 99), $wd (day number of the week, 1 for Sunday, 2 for Monday, etc), $wday (day of the week, Sun..Sat), $weekday (day of the week, Sunday..Saturday), $yearday (day of the year, 1..365, or 1..366 in leap years). Date is assumed to be server time; add GMT to indicate Greenwich time zone.
Syntax: $FORMATTIME( serial, text )
Example: %CALC{"$FORMATTIME(0, $year/$month/$day GMT)"}% returns 1970/01/01 GMT
Related: $FORMATGMTIME(), $TIME(), $FORMATTIMEDIFF(), $TIMEADD(), $TIMEDIFF(), $TODAY()

FORMATTIMEDIFF( unit, precision, time ) -- convert elapsed time to a string

Convert elapsed time to a human readable format, such as: 12 hours and 3 minutes
The input unit can be second, minute, hour, day, month, year. Note: An approximation is used for month and year calculations.
The precision indicates the number of output units to use
Syntax: $FORMATTIMEDIFF( unit, precision, time )
Example: %CALC{"$FORMATTIMEDIFF(min, 1, 200)"}% returns 3 hours
Example: %CALC{"$FORMATTIMEDIFF(min, 2, 200)"}% returns 3 hours and 20 minutes
Example: %CALC{"$FORMATTIMEDIFF(min, 1, 1640)"}% returns 1 day
Example: %CALC{"$FORMATTIMEDIFF(min, 2, 1640)"}% returns 1 day and 3 hours
Example: %CALC{"$FORMATTIMEDIFF(min, 3, 1640)"}% returns 1 day, 3 hours and 20 minutes
Related: $FORMATTIME(), $TIME(), $TIMEADD(), $TIMEDIFF()

GET( name ) -- get the value of a previously set variable

Specify the variable name (alphanumeric characters and underscores). An empty string is returned if the variable does not exist. Use $SET() to set a variable first. Unlike table ranges, variables live for the time of the page view and persist across tables, i.e. you can use it to summarize results across several tables.
Syntax: $GET( name )
Example: %CALC{"$GET(my_total)"}% returns the value of the my_total variable
Related: $EXEC(), $NOEXEC(), $SET(), $SETIFEMPTY(), $SETM()

IF( condition, value if true, value if 0 ) -- return a value based on a condition

The condition can be a number (where 0 means condition not met), or two numbers with a comparison operator < (less than), <= (less than or equal), == (equal), != (not equal), >= (greater than or equal), > (greater than).
Syntax: $IF( condition, value if true, value if 0 )
Example: %CALC{"$IF($T(R1:C5) > 1000, Over Budget, OK)"}% returns Over Budget if value in R1:C5 is over 1000, OK if not
Example: %CALC{"$IF($EXACT($T(R1:C2),), empty, $T(R1:C2))"}% returns the content of R1:C2 or empty if empty
Example: %CALC{"$SET(val, $IF($T(R1:C2) == 0, zero, $T(R1:C2)))"}% sets a variable conditionally
Related: $AND(), $EXACT(), $LISTIF(), $NOT(), $OR()

INT( formula ) -- evaluate formula and round down to nearest integer

Addition, substraction, multiplication, division and modulus of numbers are supported. Any nesting is permitted
Numbers may be decimal integers (1234), binary integers (0b1110011), octal integers (01234), hexadecimal integers (0x1234) or of exponential notation (12.34e-56)
If you expect a single decimal integer value with leading zeros, use $INT( $VALUE( number ) )
Syntax: $INT( formula )
Example: %CALC{"$INT(10 / 4)"}% returns 2
Example: %CALC{"$INT($VALUE(09))"}% returns 9
Related: $EVAL(), $ROUND(), $VALUE()

LEFT( ) -- address range of cells to the left of the current cell

Syntax: $LEFT( )
Example: %CALC{"$SUM($LEFT())"}% returns the sum of cells to the left of the current cell
Related: $ABOVE(), $RIGHT()

LENGTH( text ) -- length of text in bytes

Syntax: $LENGTH( text )
Example: %CALC{"$LENGTH(abcd)"}% returns 4
Related: $LISTSIZE()

LIST( range ) -- convert content of a cell range into a list

Convert the content of a range of cells into a flat list, delimited by comma. Cells containing commas are merged into the list
Syntax: $LIST( range )
Example: %CALC{"$LIST($LEFT())"}% returns Apples, Lemons, Oranges, Kiwis assuming the cells to the left contain | Apples | Lemons, Oranges | Kiwis |
Related: $AVERAGE(), $COUNTITEMS(), $COUNTSTR(), $DEF(), $LISTIF(), $LISTITEM(), $LISTJOIN(), $LISTMAP(), $LISTRAND(), $LISTREVERSE(), $LISTSHUFFLE(), $LISTSIZE(), $LISTSORT(), $LISTTRUNCATE(), $LISTUNIQUE(), $MAX(), $MEDIAN(), $MIN(), $PRODUCT(), $SUM(), $SUMDAYS(), $SUMPRODUCT()

LISTIF( condition, list ) -- remove elements from a list that do not meet a condition

In addition to the condition described in $IF(), you can use $item to indicate the current element, and $index for the list index, starting at 1
Syntax: $LISTIF( condition, list )
Example: %CALC{"$LISTIF($item > 12, 14, 7, 25)"}% returns 14, 25
Example: %CALC{"$LISTIF($NOT($EXACT($item,)), A, B, , E)"}% returns non-empty elements A, B, E
Example: %CALC{"$LISTIF($index > 2, A, B, C, D)"}% returns C, D
Related: $IF(), $LIST(), $LISTITEM(), $LISTMAP(), $LISTREVERSE(), $LISTSIZE(), $LISTSORT(), $LISTUNIQUE(), $SUM()

LISTITEM( index, list ) -- get one element of a list

Index is 1 to size of list; use a negative number to count from the end of the list
Syntax: $LISTITEM( index, list )
Example: %CALC{"$LISTITEM(2, Apple, Orange, Apple, Kiwi)"}% returns Orange
Example: %CALC{"$LISTITEM(-1, Apple, Orange, Apple, Kiwi)"}% returns Kiwi
Related: $COUNTITEMS(), $COUNTSTR(), $LIST(), $LISTIF(), $LISTMAP(), $LISTRAND(), $LISTREVERSE(), $LISTSIZE(), $LISTSORT(), $LISTUNIQUE(), $SUM()

LISTJOIN( separator, list ) -- convert a list into a string

By default, list items are separated by a comma and a space. Use this function to indicate a specific separator string, which may include $comma for comma, $n for newline, and $sp for space.
Syntax: $LISTJOIN( separator, list )
Example: %CALC{"$LISTJOIN($n, Apple, Orange, Apple, Kiwi)"}% returns the four items separated by new lines
Related: $LIST(), $LISTSIZE()

LISTMAP( formula, list ) -- evaluate and update each element of a list

In the formula you can use $item to indicate the element; $index to show the index of the list, starting at 1. If $item is omitted, the item is appended to the formula.
Syntax: $LISTMAP( formula, list )
Example: %CALC{"$LISTMAP($index: $EVAL(2 * $item), 3, 5, 7, 11)"}% returns 1: 6, 2: 10, 3: 14, 4: 22
Related: $COUNTITEMS(), $COUNTSTR(), $LIST(), $LISTIF(), $LISTITEM(), $LISTREVERSE(), $LISTSIZE(), $LISTSORT(), $LISTUNIQUE(), $SUM()

LISTRAND( list ) -- get one random element of a list

Syntax: $LISTRAND( list )
Example: %CALC{"$LISTRAND(Apple, Orange, Apple, Kiwi)"}% returns one of the four elements
Related: $COUNTITEMS(), $COUNTSTR(), $LIST(), $LISTIF(), $LISTITEM(), $LISTMAP(), $LISTSHUFFLE(), $LISTSIZE(), $LISTSORT(), $LISTUNIQUE(), $RAND(), $SUM()

LISTREVERSE( list ) -- opposite order of a list

Syntax: $LISTREVERSE( list )
Example: %CALC{"$LISTREVERSE(Apple, Orange, Apple, Kiwi)"}% returns Kiwi, Apple, Orange, Apple
Related: $COUNTITEMS(), $COUNTSTR(), $LIST(), $LISTIF(), $LISTITEM(), $LISTMAP(), $LISTSIZE(), $LISTSORT(), $LISTUNIQUE(), $SUM()

LISTSIZE( list ) -- number of elements in a list

Syntax: $LISTSIZE( list )
Example: %CALC{"$LISTSIZE(Apple, Orange, Apple, Kiwi)"}% returns 4
Related: $COUNTITEMS(), $COUNTSTR(), $LIST(), $LISTIF(), $LISTITEM(), $LISTJOIN(), $LISTMAP(), $LISTREVERSE(), $LISTSORT(), $LISTTRUNCATE(), $LISTUNIQUE(), $SUM()

LISTSHUFFLE( list ) -- shuffle element of a list in random order

Syntax: $LISTSHUFFLE( list )
Example: %CALC{"$LISTSHUFFLE(Apple, Orange, Apple, Kiwi)"}% returns the four elements in random order
Related: $COUNTITEMS(), $COUNTSTR(), $LIST(), $LISTIF(), $LISTITEM(), $LISTMAP(), $LISTRAND(), $LISTSIZE(), $LISTSORT(), $LISTUNIQUE(), $RAND(), $SUM()

LISTSORT( list ) -- sort a list

Sorts a list in ASCII order, or numerically if all elements are numeric
Syntax: $LISTSORT( list )
Example: %CALC{"$LISTSORT(Apple, Orange, Apple, Kiwi)"}% returns Apple, Apple, Kiwi, Orange
Related: $COUNTITEMS(), $COUNTSTR(), $LIST(), $LISTIF(), $LISTITEM(), $LISTMAP(), $LISTREVERSE(), $LISTSHUFFLE(), $LISTSIZE(), $LISTUNIQUE(), $SUM()

LISTTRUNCATE( size, list ) -- truncate list to size

Specify the desired size of the list; use a negative number to count from the end of the list
Syntax: $LISTTRUNCATE( size, list )
Example: %CALC{"$LISTTRUNCATE(2, Apple, Orange, Kiwi)"}% returns Apple, Orange
Related: $COUNTITEMS(), $COUNTSTR(), $LIST(), $LISTIF(), $LISTITEM(), $LISTMAP(), $LISTSIZE(), $LISTSORT(), $LISTUNIQUE(), $SUM()

LISTUNIQUE( list ) -- remove all duplicates from a list

Syntax: $LISTUNIQUE( list )
Example: %CALC{"$LISTUNIQUE(Apple, Orange, Apple, Kiwi)"}% returns Apple, Orange, Kiwi
Related: $COUNTITEMS(), $COUNTSTR(), $LIST(), $LISTIF(), $LISTITEM(), $LISTMAP(), $LISTREVERSE(), $LISTSIZE(), $LISTSORT(), $SUM()

LN( num ) -- natural logarithm of a number

LN is the inverse of the EXP function
Syntax: $LN( num )
Example: %CALC{"$LN(10)"}% returns 2.30258509299405
Related: $EXP(), $LOG()

LOG( num, base ) -- logarithm of a number to a given base

base-10 logarithm of a number (if base is 0 or not specified), else logarithm of a number to the given base
Syntax: $LOG( num, base )
Example: %CALC{"$LOG(1000)"}% returns 3
Example: %CALC{"$LOG(16, 2)"}% returns 4
Related: $EXP(), $LN()

LOWER( text ) -- lower case string of a text

Syntax: $LOWER(text)
Example: %CALC{"$LOWER( $T(R1:C5) )"}% returns the lower case string of the text in cell R1:C5
Related: $PROPER(), $PROPERSPACE(), $TRIM(), $UPPER()

MAX( list ) - biggest value of a list or range of cells

Syntax: $MAX( list )
Example: To find the biggest number to the left of the current cell, write: %CALC{"$MAX($LEFT())"}%
Related: $LIST(), $MEDIAN(), $MIN(), $PERCENTILE()

MEDIAN( list ) -- median of a list or range of cells

Syntax: $MEDIAN( list )
Example: %CALC{"$MEDIAN(3, 9, 4, 5)"}% returns 4.5
Related: $LIST(), $MAX(), $MIN(), $PERCENTILE()

MIN( list ) -- smallest value of a list or range of cells

Syntax: $MIN( list )
Example: %CALC{"$MIN(15, 3, 28)"}% returns 3
Related: $LIST(), $MAX(), $MEDIAN(), $PERCENTILE()

MOD( num, divisor ) -- reminder after dividing `num` by `divisor`

Syntax: $MOD( num, divisor )
Example: %CALC{"$MOD(7, 3)"}% returns 1
Related: $EVAL()

NOEXEC( formula ) -- do not execute a spreadsheet formula

Prevent a formula from getting executed. This is typically used to store a raw formula in a variable for later use as described in $EXEC().
Syntax: $NOEXEC( formula )
Example: %CALC{"$SET(msg, $NOEXEC(Hi $GET(name)))"}% sets the msg variable with the formula Hi $GET(name) without executing it
Related: $EVAL(), $EXEC(), $GET(), $SET()

NOP( text ) -- no-operation

Useful to change the order of Plugin execution. For example, it allows preprossing to be done before %SEARCH{}% is evaluated. The percent character '%' can be escaped with $per
Syntax: $NOP( text )

NOT( num ) -- reverse logic of a number

Returns 0 if num is not zero, 1 if zero
Syntax: $NOT( num )
Example: %CALC{"$NOT(0)"}% returns 1
Related: $AND(), $IF(), $OR()

ODD( num ) -- test for odd number

Syntax: $ODD( num )
Example: %CALC{"$ODD(2)"}% returns 0
Related: $ABS(), $EVEN(), $MOD(), $SIGN()

OR( list ) -- logical OR of a list

Syntax: $OR( list )
Example: %CALC{"$OR(1, 0, 1)"}% returns 1
Related: $AND(), $IF(), $NOT()

PERCENTILE( num, list ) -- percentile of a list or range of cells

Calculates the num-th percentile, useful to establish a threshold of acceptance. num is the percentile value, range 0..100
Syntax: $PERCENTILE( num, list )
Example: %CALC{"$PERCENTILE(75, 400, 200, 500, 100, 300)"}% returns 450
Related: $LIST(), $MAX(), $MEDIAN(), $MIN()

PI( ) -- mathematical constant Pi, 3.14159265358979

Syntax: $PI( )
Example: %CALC{"$PI()"}% returns 3.14159265358979

PRODUCT( list ) -- product of a list or range of cells

Syntax: $PRODUCT( list )
Example: To calculate the product of the cells to the left of the current one use %CALC{"$PRODUCT($LEFT())"}%
Related: $LIST(), $PRODUCT(), $SUM(), $SUMPRODUCT()

PROPER( text ) -- properly capitalize text

Capitalize letters that follow any character other than a letter; convert all other letters to lowercase letters
Syntax: $PROPER( text )
Example: %CALC{"$PROPER(a small STEP)"}% returns A Small Step
Example: %CALC{"$PROPER(f1 (formula-1))"}% returns F1 (Formula-1)
Related: $LOWER(), $PROPERSPACE(), $TRIM(), $UPPER()

PROPERSPACE( text ) -- properly space out WikiWords

Properly spaces out WikiWords preceeded by white space, parenthesis, or ][. Words listed in the DONTSPACE TWikiPreferences variable or DONTSPACE Plugins setting are excluded
Syntax: $PROPERSPACE( text )
Example: Assuming DONTSPACE contains MacDonald: %CALC{"$PROPERSPACE(Old MacDonald had a ServerFarm, EeEyeEeEyeOh)"}% returns Old MacDonald had a Server Farm, Ee Eye Ee Eye Oh
Related: $LOWER(), $PROPER(), $TRIM(), $UPPER()

RAND( max ) -- random number

Random number, evenly distributed between 0 and max, or 0 and 1 if max is not specified
Syntax: $RAND( max )
Related: $EVAL(), $LISTRAND(), $LISTSHUFFLE()

REPEAT( text, num ) -- repeat text a number of times

Syntax: $REPEAT( text, num )
Example: %CALC{"$REPEAT(/\, 5)"}% returns /\/\/\/\/\

REPLACE( text, start, num, new ) -- replace part of a text string

Replace num number of characters of text string text, starting at start, with new text new. Starting position is 1; use a negative start to count from the end of the text
Syntax: $REPLACE( text, start, num, new )
Example: %CALC{"$REPLACE(abcdefghijk,6,5,*)"}% returns abcde*k
Related: $FIND(), $SEARCH(), $SUBSTITUTE(), $TRANSLATE()

RIGHT( ) -- address range of cells to the right of the current cell

Syntax: $RIGHT( )
Example: %CALC{"$SUM($RIGHT())"}% returns the sum of cells to the right of the current cell
Related: $ABOVE(), $LEFT()

ROUND( formula, digits ) -- round a number

Evaluates a simple formula and rounds the result up or down to the number of digits if digits is positive; to the nearest integer if digits is missing; or to the left of the decimal point if digits is negative
Syntax: $ROUND( formula, digits )
Example: %CALC{"$ROUND(3.15, 1)"}% returns 3.2
Example: %CALC{"$ROUND(3.149, 1)"}% returns 3.1
Example: %CALC{"$ROUND(-2.475, 2)"}% returns -2.48
Example: %CALC{"$ROUND(34.9, -1)"}% returns 30
Related: $INT(), $FORMAT()

ROW( offset ) -- current row number

The current table row number with an optional offset
Syntax: $ROW( offset )
Example: To get the number of rows excluding table heading (first row) and summary row (last row you are in), write: %CALC{"$ROW(-2)"}%
Related: $COLUMN(), $T()

SEARCH( string, text, start ) -- search a string within a text

Finds one text string, within another text, and returns the number of the starting position of string, from the first character of text. This search is a RegularExpression search; use $FIND() for non-regular expression searching. Starting position is 1; a 0 is returned if nothing is matched
Syntax: $SEARCH( string, text, start )
Example: %CALC{"$SEARCH([uy], fluffy)"}% returns 3
Example: %CALC{"$SEARCH([uy], fluffy, 3)"}% returns 6
Example: %CALC{"$SEARCH([abc], fluffy,)"}% returns 0
Related: $FIND(), $REPLACE()

SET( name, value ) -- set a variable for later use

Specify the variable name (alphanumeric characters and underscores) and the value. The value may contain a formula; formulae are evaluated before the variable assignment; see $NOEXEC() if you want to prevent that. This function returns no output. Use $GET() to retrieve variables. Unlike table ranges, variables live for the time of the page view and persist across tables, i.e. you can use it to summarize results across several tables and also across included topics
Syntax: $SET( name, value )
Example: %CALC{"$SET(my_total, $SUM($ABOVE()))"}% sets the my_total variable to the sum of all table cells located above the current cell and returns an empty string
Related: $EXEC(), $GET(), $NOEXEC(), $SETIFEMPTY(), SETM()

SETIFEMPTY( name, value ) -- set a variable only if empty

Specify the variable name (alphanumeric characters and underscores) and the value.
Syntax: $SETIFEMPTY( name, value )
Example: %CALC{"$SETIFEMPTY(result, default)"}% sets the result variable to default if the variable is empty or 0; in any case an empty string is returned
Related: $GET(), $SET()

SETM( name, formula ) -- update an existing variable based on a formula

Specify the variable name (alphanumeric characters and underscores) and the formula. The formula must start with an operator to + (add), - (subtract), * (multiply), or / (divide) something to the variable. This function returns no output. Use $GET() to retrieve variables
Syntax: $SETM( name, formula )
Example: %CALC{"$SETM(total, + $SUM($LEFT()))"}% adds the sum of all table cells on the left to the total variable, and returns an empty string
Related: $GET(), $SET(), $SETIFEMPTY()

SIGN( num ) -- sign of a number

Returns -1 if num is negative, 0 if zero, or 1 if positive
Syntax: $SIGN( num )
Example: %CALC{"$SIGN(-12.5)"}% returns -1
Related: $ABS(), $EVAL(), $EVEN(), $INT(), $NOT(), $ODD()

SQRT( num ) -- square root of a number

Syntax: $SQRT( num )
Example: %CALC{"$SQRT(16)"}% returns 4

SUBSTITUTE( text, old, new, instance, option ) -- substitute text

Substitutes new text for old text in a text string. instance specifies which occurance of old you want to replace. If you specify instance, only that instance is replaced. Otherwise, every occurance is changed to the new text. A literal search is performed by default; a RegularExpression search if the option is set to r
Syntax: $SUBSTITUTE( text, old, new, instance, option )
Example: %CALC{"$SUBSTITUTE(Good morning, morning, day)"}% returns Good day
Example: %CALC{"$SUBSTITUTE(Q2-2002,2,3)"}% returns Q3-3003
Example: %CALC{"$SUBSTITUTE(Q2-2002,2,3,3)"}% returns Q2-2003
Example: %CALC{"$SUBSTITUTE(abc123def,[0-9],9,,r)"}% returns abc999def
Related: $REPLACE(), $TRANSLATE()

SUM( list ) -- sum of a list or range of cells

Syntax: $SUM( list )
Example: To sum up column 5 excluding the title row, write %CALC{"$SUM(R2:C5..R$ROW(-1):C5)"}% in the last row; or simply %CALC{"$SUM($ABOVE())"}%
Related: $LIST(), $PRODUCT(), $SUMPRODUCT(), $WORKINGDAYS()

SUMDAYS( list ) -- sum the days in a list or range of cells

The total number of days in a list or range of cells containing numbers of hours, days or weeks. The default unit is days; units are indicated by a h, hours, d, days, w, weeks suffix. One week is assumed to have 5 working days, one day 8 hours
Syntax: $SUMDAYS( list )
Example: %CALC{"$SUMDAYS(2w, 1, 2d, 4h)"}% returns 13.5, the evaluation of (2*5 + 1 + 2 + 4/8)
Related: $SUM(), $TIME(), $FORMATTIME()

SUMPRODUCT( list, list ) -- scalar product on ranges of cells

Syntax: $SUMPRODUCT( list, list, list... )
Example: %CALC{"$SUMPRODUCT(R2:C1..R4:C1, R2:C5..R4:C5)"}% evaluates and returns the result of ($T(R2:C1) * $T(R2:C5) + $T(R3:C1) * $T(R3:C5) + $T(R4:C1) * $T(R4:C5))
Related: $LIST(), $PRODUCT(), $SUM()

T( address ) -- content of a cell

Syntax: $T( address )
Example: %CALC{"$T(R1:C5)"}% returns the text in cell R1:C5
Related: $COLUMN(), $ROW()

TRANSLATE( text, from, to ) -- translate text from one set of characters to another

The translation is done from a set to a set, one character by one. The text may contain commas; all three parameters are required. In the from and to parameters you can write $comma to escape comma, $sp to escape space
Syntax: $TRANSLATE( text, from, to )
Example: %CALC{"$TRANSLATE(boom,bm,cl)"}% returns cool
Example: %CALC{"$TRANSLATE(one, two,$comma,;)"}% returns one; two
Related: $REPLACE(), $SUBSTITUTE()

TIME( text ) -- convert a date string into a serialized date number

Serialized date is seconds since the Epoch, e.g. midnight, 01 Jan 1970. Current time is taken if the date string is empty. Supported date formats: 31 Dec 2009; 31 Dec 2009 GMT; 31 Dec 09; 31-Dec-2009; 31/Dec/2009; 2009/12/31; 2009-12-31; 2009/12/31; 2009/12/31 23:59; 2009/12/31 - 23:59; 2009-12-31-23-59; 2009/12/31 - 23:59:59; 2009.12.31.23.59.59. Date is assumed to be server time; add GMT to indicate Greenwich time zone
Syntax: $TIME( text )
Example: %CALC{"$TIME(2003/10/14 GMT)"}% returns 1066089600
Related: $FORMATGMTIME(), $FORMATTIME(), $FORMATTIMEDIFF(), $TIMEADD(), $TIMEDIFF(), $TODAY(), $WORKINGDAYS()

TIMEADD( serial, value, unit ) -- add a value to a serialized date

The unit is seconds if not specified; unit can be second, minute, hour, day, week, month, year. Note: An approximation is used for month and year calculations
Syntax: $TIMEADD( serial, value, unit )
Example: %CALC{"$TIMEADD($TIME(), 2, week)"}% returns the serialized date two weeks from now
Related: $FORMATTIME(), $FORMATGMTIME(), $TIME(), $TIMEDIFF(), $TODAY()

TIMEDIFF( serial_1, serial_2, unit ) -- time difference between two serialized dates

The unit is seconds if not specified; unit can be specified as in $TIMEADD(). Note: An approximation is used for month and year calculations. Use $FORMAT(), $FORMATTIMEDIFF() or $INT() to format real numbers
Syntax: $TIMEDIFF( serial_1, serial_2, unit )
Example: %CALC{"$TIMEDIFF($TIME(), $EVAL($TIME()+90), minute)"}% returns 1.5
Related: $FORMAT(), $FORMATGMTIME(), $FORMATTIME(), $FORMATTIMEDIFF(), $INT(), $TIME(), $TIMEADD(), $TODAY(), $WORKINGDAYS()

TODAY( ) -- serialized date of today at midnight GMT

In contrast, the related $TIME() returns the serialized date of today at the current time, e.g. it includes the number of seconds since midnight GMT
Syntax: $TODAY( )
Example: %CALC{"$TODAY()"}% returns the number of seconds since Epoch
Related: $FORMATTIME(), $FORMATGMTIME(), $TIME(), $TIMEADD(), $TIMEDIFF()

TRIM( text ) -- trim spaces from text

Removes all spaces from text except for single spaces between words
Syntax: $TRIM( text )
Example: %CALC{"$TRIM( eat spaces )"}% returns eat spaces
Related: $EXACT(), $PROPERSPACE()

UPPER( text ) -- upper case string of a text

Syntax: $UPPER( text )
Example: %CALC{"$UPPER($T(R1:C5))"}% returns the upper case string of the text in cell R1:C5
Related: $LOWER(), $PROPER(), $PROPERSPACE(), $TRIM()

VALUE( text ) -- convert text to number

Extracts a number from text. Returns 0 if not found
Syntax: $VALUE( text )
Example: %CALC{"$VALUE(US$1,200)"}% returns 1200
Example: %CALC{"$VALUE(PrjNotebook1234)"}% returns 1234
Example: %CALC{"$VALUE(Total: -12.5)"}% returns -12.5
Related: $EVAL(), $INT()

WORKINGDAYS( serial_1, serial_2 ) -- working days between two serialized dates

Working days are Monday through Friday (sorry, Israel!)
Syntax: $WORKINGDAYS( serial_1, serial_2 )
Example: %CALC{"$WORKINGDAYS($TIME(2004/07/15), $TIME(2004/08/03))"}% returns 13
Related: $SUMDAYS(), $TIME(), $TIMEDIFF()

FAQ

Can I use CALC in a formatted search?

Specifically, how can I output some conditional text in a FormattedSearch?

You need to escape the CALC so that it executes once per search hit. This can be done by escaping the % signs of %CALC{...}% with $percnt. For example, to execute $IF($EXACT($formfield(Tested), Yes), %PUBURL%/%SYSTEMWEB%/TWikiDocGraphics/choice-yes.gif, %PUBURL%/%SYSTEMWEB%/TWikiDocGraphics/choice-no.gif) in the format="" parameter, write this:

%SEARCH{ .... format="| $topic | $percntCALC{$IF($EXACT($formfield(Tested), Yes), %PUBURL%/%SYSTEMWEB%/TWikiDocGraphics/choice-yes.gif, %PUBURL%/%SYSTEMWEB%/TWikiDocGraphics/choice-no.gif)}$percnt |" }%

How can I easily repeat a formula in a table?

To repeat the same formula in all cells of a table row define the formula once in a preferences setting and use that in the CALC. The preferences setting can be hidden in HTML comments. Example:

<!--
   * Set MYFORMULA = $EVAL($SUBSTITUTE(...etc...))
-->
| A | 1 | %CALC{%MYFORMULA%}% |
| B | 2 | %CALC{%MYFORMULA%}% |
| C | 3 | %CALC{%MYFORMULA%}% |

Bug Tracking Example

Bug#:	Priority:	Subject:	Status:	Days to fix
Bug:1231	Low	File Open ...	Open	3
Bug:1232	High	Memory Window ...	Fixed	2
Bug:1233	Medium	Usability issue ...	Assigned	5
Bug:1234	High	No arrange ...	Fixed	1
Total: 4	High: 2 Low: 1 Medium: 1	.	Assigned: 1 Fixed: 2 Open: 1	Total: 11

The last row is defined as:

| Total: %CALC{"$ROW(-2)"}% \ 
  | %CALC{"$COUNTITEMS( R2:C$COLUMN()..R$ROW(-1):C$COLUMN() )"}% | . \ 
  | %CALC{"$COUNTITEMS( R2:C$COLUMN()..R$ROW(-1):C$COLUMN() )"}% \ 
  |  Total: %CALC{"$SUM( R2:C$COLUMN()..R$ROW(-1):C$COLUMN() )"}% |

Above table is created manually. Another Plugin could build the table dynamically, e.g. by pulling data out of a bug tracking system. The Spreadsheet Plugin can be used to display table data statistics.

Plugin Settings

Plugin settings are stored as preferences variables. To reference a plugin setting write %<plugin>_<setting>%, i.e. %SPREADSHEETPLUGIN_SHORTDESCRIPTION%

One line description, is shown in the TextFormattingRules topic:
- Set SHORTDESCRIPTION = Add spreadsheet calculation like "$SUM( $ABOVE() )" to TWiki tables and other topic text

Debug plugin: (See output in data/debug.txt)
- Set DEBUG = 0

Do not handle %CALC{}% variable in included topic while including topic: (default: 1)
- Set SKIPINCLUDE = 1

WikiWords to exclude from being spaced out by the $PROPERSPACE(text) function. This comma delimited list can be overloaded by a DONTSPACE preferences variable:
- Set DONTSPACE = CodeWarrior, MacDonald, McIntosh, RedHat, SuSE